An evaluation of ERP components in semantic anomaly detection in Yoruba language texts
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- NGN 5000
Background of the Study
Event-related potentials (ERPs) provide a window into the brain’s real-time processing of linguistic stimuli. In the context of Yoruba language texts, semantic anomaly detection is critical for understanding how readers process unexpected or incongruent information. ERP components, particularly the N400, have been widely used to measure semantic processing and detect anomalies in language. Yoruba, with its rich idiomatic expressions and tonal nuances, presents unique challenges for semantic integration (Oluwaseun, 2023). This study evaluates ERP components involved in semantic anomaly detection by presenting participants with Yoruba sentences that contain either semantically congruent or anomalous elements. By analyzing the amplitude and latency of ERP components, the research aims to delineate the neural mechanisms underlying anomaly detection in Yoruba. The study will contribute to refining cognitive models of language processing and inform educational approaches by highlighting the neural markers associated with effective semantic integration (Adeyemi, 2024; Balogun, 2025).
Statement of the Problem
Although ERP studies have advanced our understanding of semantic processing, there is limited research on semantic anomaly detection in Yoruba language texts. Standard ERP paradigms may not fully capture the complexity of Yoruba semantics, including tonal and idiomatic variations. This gap limits our understanding of the neural processes involved in detecting semantic incongruence in Yoruba, impeding the development of targeted interventions to improve reading comprehension. Without culturally adapted ERP assessments, the specific challenges faced by Yoruba readers remain underexplored (Oluwaseun, 2023; Adeyemi, 2024).
Objectives of the Study:
1. To evaluate ERP components associated with semantic anomaly detection in Yoruba texts.
2. To compare neural responses to congruent and anomalous sentences.
3. To inform cognitive models of Yoruba language processing.
Research Questions:
1. What ERP components are elicited by semantic anomalies in Yoruba texts?
2. How do ERP responses differ between congruent and anomalous sentences?
3. What do these differences reveal about semantic processing in Yoruba?
Significance of the Study :
This study is significant as it investigates ERP markers in semantic anomaly detection in Yoruba, offering insights into the neural basis of language comprehension. The findings will support the development of culturally relevant reading interventions and cognitive models (Oluwaseun, 2023; Balogun, 2025).
Scope and Limitations of the Study:
This study is limited to evaluating ERP responses during semantic anomaly detection in Yoruba texts among adult readers.
Definitions of Terms:
• ERP: Event-related potentials, brain responses measured in response to specific stimuli.
• Semantic Anomaly Detection: The process of identifying inconsistencies in meaning.
• Yoruba Language Texts: Written materials in the Yoruba language.
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